What COOs and Legal Leaders Need to Get Right in Singapore and Hong Kong
For years, fintech followed a familiar playbook:
Build the product. Find product‑market fit. Scale fast.
Then-once things got serious-bring in legal and compliance to formalise it all.
That model is breaking down.
Across APAC, and particularly in Singapore and Hong Kong, regulators now expect fintechs to operate much closer to bank-grade standards far earlier in their lifecycle. In some cases, from day one.
The challenge? Most teams aren’t built for that reality.
To unpack what’s changing-and what leadership teams need to get right-we spoke with Bernie Ding, our APAC Legal and Compliance specialist.
Compliance Has Moved from the Sidelines to the Centre
There was a time when compliance sat behind the business-important, but seldom urgent. That’s no longer true.
Today, licensing, AML frameworks, and data governance aren’t layers you add after scaling-they’re prerequisites to scaling at all.
For COOs and leadership teams, this changes the calculus. Compliance isn’t just about avoiding downside risk; it now dictates how quickly you move, which markets you can enter, and how confidently you can grow.
Operationally, the cost of keeping pace is rising. Some institutions reportedly spend up to 70% of their compliance capacity just tracking and interpreting regulatory change-leaving little room for innovation or control improvement. For lean fintechs, that only works if compliance is treated as infrastructure, not overhead.
Why the Shift Is Happening Now
Several forces are converging across APAC to raise the bar-and Singapore and Hong Kong are right at the centre.
- AML expectations now look a lot like banking
Regulators are no longer granting fintechs a “startup grace period.” Across payments, lending, and digital assets, AML frameworks are now expected to mirror those of licensed financial institutions: rigorous controls, board‑level accountability, and zero tolerance for fixing things later.AML has become a capability to continuously evolve, not a single project to complete.
- Digital assets are moving firmly into regulation
What was once a grey area is fast becoming formalised.
Both MAS and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority are tightening frameworks for digital asset businesses, with 2026 already dubbed a “stress test year” for crypto compliance. That includes new stablecoin regimes, more structured licensing pathways, and elevated expectations around custody, disclosures, and ongoing supervision.For many firms, this has made compliance deeply operational-not just advisory.
- AI is now part of the compliance perimeter
AI is already embedded in onboarding, fraud detection, and credit decisioning-but scrutiny is rising.The Monetary Authority of Singapore’s proposed AI Risk Management Guidelines (2025) set firm expectations around governance, explainability, data quality, and human oversight.
This pulls AI squarely into compliance’s remit and shifts accountability to senior leadership. Yet the gap between expectation and capability is wide, with many APAC compliance teams still operating heavily manually.
The Reality Gap
This mismatch between regulatory ambition and operational capability is where strain shows up.
Recent 2026 data suggests:
- Around two‑thirds of APAC compliance teams still rely on manual processes
- More than half are facing periodic KYC backlogs
Yet fintechs are expected to deliver:
- Bank‑grade AML frameworks
- Multi‑jurisdiction licensing strategies
- Oversight of AI, data, and operational risk
All with lean teams and limited automation.
It’s here that stronger operators begin to stand out-those who view compliance as leverage, not constraint.
Why the First Hires Matter More Than Ever
This is often underestimated.
Early legal and compliance hires don’t just “do the job”-they define how the business scales.
As one of our consultants puts it:
“There’s always demand for these roles in Singapore and Hong Kong. But it’s those first few hires that really define how the business grows.”
In practice, these individuals are:
- Setting licensing strategy
- Building AML and risk frameworks from scratch
- Acting as the primary interface with regulators
- Influencing how and where the business expands
Hire too late-or hire the wrong profile-and the impact is immediate: delayed licence approvals, product rollout restrictions, or investor hesitation.
The Talent Gap and How Fintechs Are Responding
Across APAC, the shortage of fintech‑native compliance talent is real.
There simply aren’t enough professionals who’ve built frameworks from the ground up, managed regulators in Singapore and Hong Kong, and scaled across multiple jurisdictions.
To bridge the gap, fintechs are hiring from banks, big tech, and even regulators themselves. It’s a deliberate shift, not a fallback. These hires bring:
- Deep understanding of regulatory expectations
- Experience in structured governance environments
- Practical insight into how regulation works in practice
As Bernie Ding notes:
“There isn’t always a deep enough in‑sector talent pool. Looking outside fintech often gives you stronger fundamentals, especially around how regulation works day‑to‑day.”
What This Means for Leadership
For COOs and senior leaders, the key question is no longer when to invest in compliance but what kind of compliance function you need to enable growth.
Because in today’s APAC landscape, compliance directly shapes:
- Speed to licensing
- Ease of market expansion
- Confidence from regulators and investors
Final Thought
Fintech in APAC is entering a more mature phase. Regulation is catching up-and in some areas, racing ahead.
The fintechs that navigate this next stage successfully will be those that treat compliance as a core part of their operating model, not an afterthought.
In other words:
Bank‑grade compliance isn’t what you build later-it’s what you build on.
Sources
- Fenergo & Risk.net, APAC Client Lifecycle Management / KYC Survey (2026)
https://www.fenergo.com/resources/research-reports - Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), Consultation on AI Risk Management Guidelines (AIRG), November 2025
https://www.mas.gov.sg/publications/consultations - Financial Action Task Force (FATF), Targeted Update on Implementation of Standards for Virtual Assets and VASPs (2025)
https://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications - Hong Kong Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB), Consultations on Virtual Asset Service Provider and Stablecoin Regimes (2025–2026)
https://www.fstb.gov.hk/en/publication/consultation/ - Securities and Futures Commission (SFC), Virtual Asset Regulatory Framework and Guidance (Hong Kong)
https://www.sfc.hk/en/Regulatory-functions/Intermediaries/Virtual-asset-trading-platforms - Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), Stablecoin Regulatory Framework Developments
https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/financial-infrastructure/stablecoins/ - Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), Payment Services Act and Digital Payment Token Regulatory Framework
https://www.mas.gov.sg/regulation/acts/payment-services-act
Get in touch
If you’re looking for deeper insights or market intelligence to inform your career decisions or hiring strategy within APAC’s fintech, legal, and compliance sectors, our regional specialists are here to help.
Whether you’re building a team from scratch, benchmarking compensation, or exploring your next move, we can provide tailored intelligence on regulatory developments, market trends, and talent dynamics across Singapore, Hong Kong, and the wider region.
Connect with our APAC team to discuss how we can support your growth. Get in touch.
APAC Team
Co-Founder & Head of APAC (Sales & Fintech Leadership)
Senior Consultant (Product, Pre-Sales, Solutions Consulting Specialist)
Head of Technology & Data Search (Technology, Data, and Product Specialist)
Senior Consultant (Legal Risk & Compliance Specialist)


